A non-reflecting metamaterial slab under the finite-embedded coordinate transformation

From the explicit solutions of Maxwell's equations under the coordinate transformation, the conditions for non-reflecting boundaries for the two-dimensionally propagating light waves, in a finite-embedded coordinate transformation metamaterial slab are derived in cases of extended two-dimensional. By exploring several examples, including some reported in the literatures and some novel developed in this study, we show that our approach can be used to efficiently determine the condition in which a finite-embedded coordinate transformed metamaterial slab is non-reflecting.Comment: 13 page

Waveguide Holography: Towards True 3D Holographic Glasses

We present a novel near-eye display concept which consists of a waveguide combiner, a spatial light modulator, and a laser light source. The proposed system can display true 3D holographic images through see-through pupil-replicating waveguide combiner as well as providing a large eye-box. By modeling the coherent light interaction inside of the waveguide combiner, we demonstrate that the output wavefront from the waveguide can be controlled by modulating the wavefront of input light using a spatial light modulator. This new possibility allows combining a holographic display, which is considered as the ultimate 3D display technology, with the state-of-the-art pupil replicating waveguides, enabling the path towards true 3D holographic augmented reality glasses

Complete amplitude and phase control of light using broadband holographic metasurface

Reconstruction of light profiles with amplitude and phase information, called holography, is an attractive optical technique to display three-dimensional images. Due to essential requirements for an ideal hologram, subwavelength control of both amplitude and phase is crucial. Nevertheless, traditional holographic devices have suffered from their limited capabilities of incomplete modulation in both amplitude and phase of visible light. Here, we propose a novel metasurface that is capable of completely controlling both amplitude and phase profiles of visible light independently with subwavelength spatial resolution. The simultaneous, continuous, and broadband control of amplitude and phase is achieved by using X-shaped meta-atoms based on expanded concept of the Pancharatnam-Berry phase. The first experimental demonstrations of complete complex-amplitude holograms with subwavelength definition are achieved and show excellent performances with remarkable signal-to-noise ratio compared to traditional phase-only holograms. Extraordinary control capability with versatile advantages of our metasurface paves a way to an ideal holography, which is expected to be a significant advance in the field of optical holography and metasurfaces

Reconstituting ring-rafts in bud-mimicking topography of model membranes.

During vesicular trafficking and release of enveloped viruses, the budding and fission processes dynamically remodel the donor cell membrane in a protein- or a lipid-mediated manner. In all cases, in addition to the generation or relief of the curvature stress, the buds recruit specific lipids and proteins from the donor membrane through restricted diffusion for the development of a ring-type raft domain of closed topology. Here, by reconstituting the bud topography in a model membrane, we demonstrate the preferential localization of cholesterol- and sphingomyelin-enriched microdomains in the collar band of the bud-neck interfaced with the donor membrane. The geometrical approach to the recapitulation of the dynamic membrane reorganization, resulting from the local radii of curvatures from nanometre-to-micrometre scales, offers important clues for understanding the active roles of the bud topography in the sorting and migration machinery of key signalling proteins involved in membrane budding

Analysis of the Optimal Frequency Band for a Ballistic Missile Defense Radar System

In this paper, we consider the anti-attack procedure of a ballistic missile defense system (BMDS) at different operating frequencies at its phased-array radar station. The interception performance is measured in terms of lateral divert (LD), which denotes the minimum acceleration amount available in an interceptor to compensate for prediction error for a successful intercept. Dependence of the frequency on estimation accuracy that leads directly to prediction error is taken into account, in terms of angular measurement noises. The estimation extraction is performed by means of an extended Kalman filter (EKF), considering two typical re-entry trajectories of a non-maneuvering ballistic missile (BM). The simulation results show better performance at higher frequency for both tracking and intercepting aspects